Слова количества зависят от того, считаем ли мы предмет. Исчисляемые (a room — two rooms) берут many, a few, few; неисчисляемые (furniture, space, noise) — much, a little, little. Общие для обоих: some, any, a lot of, plenty of, enough, no.
исчисляемые (rooms, shops, stairs)
неисчисляемые (space, furniture, noise, light)
много
many, a lot of, plenty of, lots of
much, a lot of, plenty of, lots of
немного (достаточно)
a few — несколько
a little — немного
мало (недостаточно)
few, hardly any, not many
little, hardly any, not much
слишком много
too many
too much
достаточно
enough (rooms / space)
вопрос и отрицание
any: Are there any shops? There aren't any.
any: Is there any space? There isn't any.
утверждение
some: There are some shops.
some: There's some space.
Неисчисляемые, которые хочется посчитать
неисчисляемое
как посчитать
furniture
a piece of furniture, two pieces of furniture
equipment, information, advice, news
a piece of …
bread, paper
a slice / loaf of bread, a sheet of paper
money, time, space, work, traffic, noise, luggage
a lot of, some, not much
much / many в утверждении
обычно
чаще говорят
вопрос и отрицание: How much space? Not many shops.
утверждение: a lot of / plenty of space, а не much space
long hair, a loaf of bread, a job (не a work), some luggage
hairs, breads, a homework, luggages
Нюансы
a few / a little — положительно («есть, хватает»), few / little — отрицательно («мало, не хватает»): We have a few friends here (хорошо) · We have few friends here (грустно).
enough стоит перед существительным (enough space) и после прилагательного (big enough).
Русское «мебели», «информации» — множественное число, английское furniture, information — неисчисляемое единственное: The furniture is old.
hardly any — «почти нет»; hardly без any — «едва»: I can hardly see.
push_pinсчитаем → many / a few / few / too many; не считаем → much / a little / little / too much; общие: some (утв.), any (вопр., отр.), a lot of, plenty of, enough, hardly any; furniture, equipment — неисчисляемые
Фразы урока · 7
We don't have much furniture.У нас немного мебели.
There are a few shops nearby.Поблизости несколько магазинов.
There's a little space under the stairs.Под лестницей есть немного места.
There's plenty of light.Света много.
Is there enough space for two desks?Хватит ли места для двух столов?
There's too much noise, and there are too many stairs.Слишком много шума и слишком много ступенек.
There's hardly any storage.Места для хранения почти нет.
lightbulbСчитаем — many / a few / too many; не считаем — much / a little / too much. Furniture, equipment, information — не считаем.
Закрепите урок: упражнения со словами, фразами и грамматикой с проверкой и повторением.
