Ожидание и результат (was supposed to, only to find)
Слова урока · 10
- was supposed to /wəz səˈpəʊzd tuː/должен был (а не вышло)
- was meant to /wəz ˈment tuː/предполагалось, что
- only to find /ˌəʊnli tə ˈfaɪnd/лишь чтобы обнаружить
- as it turned out /əz ɪt ˌtɜːnd ˈaʊt/как оказалось
- live up to /ˌlɪv ˈʌp tuː/оправдать (ожидания)
- fall short of /ˌfɔːl ˈʃɔːt əv/не дотянуть до
- exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/превысить
- overrun /ˌəʊvəˈrʌn/выйти за рамки (сроков, бюджета)
- on paper /ɒn ˈpeɪpə/на бумаге, в теории
- in practice /ɪn ˈpræktɪs/на деле
Ожидание и результат: was supposed to, was meant to, only to find, as it turned out
Ожидание и результат — два плана одного рассказа. Ожидание: was supposed to (должен был по плану — и не вышло), was meant to (предполагалось), was due to (по расписанию — нейтрально). Результат: only to find (неожиданный поворот), as it turned out, in the event. Между ними — оценка: live up to, fall short of, exceed expectations, on paper vs in practice.
| форма | оттенок | пример |
|---|---|---|
| was supposed to | так было положено / обещано — а не вышло (лёгкий упрёк) | The report was supposed to take a week. (It took three.) |
| was meant to | так задумывалось | It was meant to be temporary. |
| was due to | по расписанию, нейтрально | The move was due to happen in June. |
| was expected to | ожидалось (кем-то) | I was expected to stay five years. |
Результат: сбылось или нет
| оборот | значение | пример |
|---|---|---|
| only to find / discover | неожиданный, часто неприятный итог | I arrived early, only to find the office closed. |
| as it turned out | как оказалось | As it turned out, the job didn't exist. |
| live up to expectations / the description | оправдать | The role didn't live up to the description. |
| fall short of the target | не дотянуть | Sales fell short of the target. |
| exceed expectations | превзойти | The results exceeded expectations. |
| overrun (by) | выйти за сроки / бюджет | The project overran by three months. |
На бумаге и на деле
| ожидание | результат |
|---|---|
| On paper, it was a promotion: a bigger title and a team of ten. | In practice, I did the same job with more meetings. |
| The post was supposed to be 60 % strategy. | As it turned out, it was 90 % administration. |
| I was meant to have a deputy from day one. | I started, only to find the deputy's post had been withdrawn. |
Простыми словами: ожидание и результат
| план | оборот | пример | перевод |
|---|---|---|---|
| ожидание | was supposed to; was meant to; was expected to; I assumed (that) … | The course was meant to take six months. | Курс должен был занять полгода. |
| результат — не сбылось | only to + V1; as it turned out; in fact; it never happened | I moved to London for the job, only to find the position had been cut. | Я переехал в Лондон ради работы и обнаружил, что должность сократили. |
| результат — сбылось | sure enough; as expected; true to form | Sure enough, the project overran. | Как и ожидалось, проект затянулся. |
| результат — лучше ожидаемого | to my surprise; against all expectations; exceeded expectations | Against all expectations, the shop made a profit. | Вопреки ожиданиям магазин принёс прибыль. |
| на бумаге / на деле | on paper …, in practice …; in theory …, in reality … | On paper it was a promotion; in practice it meant more hours for the same pay. | На бумаге повышение, на деле — больше часов за те же деньги. |
only to: форма
| схема | пример | неверно |
|---|---|---|
| главное действие, only to + V1 (неприятный итог) | She spent a year preparing, only to fail the exam. | |
| с find / discover / realise | I arrived at nine, only to find the office closed. |
Ошибки новичков: It was supposed to being easy → supposed to be; as it turned out to be → as it turned out; in the reality → in reality; on the paper → on paper.
Нюансы
- was supposed to о себе — оправдание («я должен был, но …»); о других — упрёк. Русское «должен был» без контекста двусмысленно.
- only to + inf. — только после действия, которое привело к неожиданности: I called, only to be told …
- live up to — только положительные ожидания; не оправдать плохие — prove wrong.
- exceed ≠ excess (сущ.) ≠ excel (превосходить в мастерстве).
- on paper / in practice — пара; on paper одно, без in practice, уже подразумевает «а на деле нет».
push_pinожидание: was supposed to (положено — не вышло), was meant to (задумывалось), was due to (расписание), was expected to; результат: only to find, as it turned out, in the event; оценка: live up to, fall short of, exceed expectations, overrun by; on paper vs in practice
Фразы урока · 7
- The report was supposed to take a week.Отчёт должен был занять неделю.
- It was meant to be temporary.Предполагалось, что это временно.
- I arrived early, only to find the office closed.Я приехал рано, лишь чтобы обнаружить офис закрытым.
- As it turned out, the job didn't exist.Как оказалось, работы не существовало.
- The role didn't live up to the description, and sales fell short of the target.Роль не оправдала описания, а продажи не дотянули до цели.
- The results exceeded expectations, but the project overran by three months.Результаты превзошли ожидания, но проект вышел за сроки на три месяца.
- On paper, it was a promotion; in practice, I did the same job.На бумаге это было повышение; на деле я делал ту же работу.
lightbulbОжидание — was supposed to / was meant to / was due to; результат — only to find, as it turned out; оценка — live up to, fall short of, exceed, overrun by; on paper vs in practice.
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