Тактичное предложение (could, would, смягчители)
Слова урока · 10
- would you be open to /ˌwʊd juː bi ˈəʊpən tə/вы были бы готовы рассмотреть
- it might be worth /ɪt ˌmaɪt bi ˈwɜːθ/возможно, стоит
- could we perhaps /ˌkʊd wi pəˈhæps/могли бы мы, возможно
- I'd suggest /aɪd səˈdʒest/я бы предложил
- if it's not too much trouble /ɪf ɪts ˌnɒt tuː mʌtʃ ˈtrʌbl/если это не слишком сложно
- one option would be /ˌwʌn ˈɒpʃn wʊd bi/один из вариантов —
- slightly /ˈslaɪtli/немного
- push back /ˌpʊʃ ˈbæk/отодвинуть (срок)
- tentatively /ˈtentətɪvli/предварительно
- with respect /wɪð rɪˈspekt/при всём уважении
Тактичное предложение: could, would и смягчающие выражения
В переговорах предложение звучит как вопрос или возможность, а не как требование. Для этого — модальные would / could / might, смягчители (perhaps, slightly, a little, tentatively) и рамки (would you be open to …, one option would be …, it might be worth …). Чем важнее собеседник, тем длиннее и мягче форма.
| степень | форма | пример |
|---|---|---|
| прямо (коллега) | Let's … · Can we …? | Let's move the deadline. |
| мягче | Could we (perhaps) …? · What if we …? | Could we perhaps start with a draft? |
| вежливо | Would you be open to …? · I'd suggest + -ing · How would you feel about …? | Would you be open to a later deadline? |
| осторожно | It might be worth + -ing · One option would be to … · I'd tentatively suggest … | It might be worth splitting the project into two phases. |
| очень вежливо | If it's not too much trouble, could you …? · I was wondering whether … | If it's not too much trouble, could you send the figures? |
Смягчители
| средство | резко | мягко |
|---|---|---|
| slightly / a little / a bit | Push the deadline back. | Could we push the deadline back slightly? |
| perhaps / maybe | We should split it. | We could perhaps split it. |
| might / would вместо will / must | This will cause problems. | This might cause problems. |
| вопрос вместо утверждения | That's unrealistic. | Is that realistic, do you think? |
| I'm not sure / I wonder | That won't work. | I'm not sure that would work. |
| With respect, … | You're wrong. | With respect, I don't think that's realistic. |
Предложение с обоснованием
| шаг | пример |
|---|---|
| рамка | One option would be to reduce the scope. |
| польза | That way we'd keep the deadline and the quality. |
| цена | The trade-off is that the website would come later. |
| вопрос | Would you be open to that? |
Шкала предложения: от требования к возможности
| степень | форма | пример | перевод |
|---|---|---|---|
| требование | must / have to; повелительное | You must deliver by Friday. | Вы должны поставить к пятнице. (в переговорах — резко) |
| предложение | We'd like to + глагол; We suggest + -ing | We'd like to move the deadline. We suggest splitting the work. | Мы хотели бы сдвинуть срок. Предлагаем разделить работу. |
| возможность | We could + глагол; One option would be to + глагол | One option would be to start with a smaller pilot. | Один из вариантов — начать с небольшого пилота. |
| вопрос-предложение | Would it be possible to + глагол? How would you feel about + -ing? | How would you feel about a two-week extension? | Как вы отнесётесь к продлению на две недели? |
| самое мягкое | I was wondering if we could + глагол; Might it be worth + -ing? | I was wondering if we could revisit the price. | Я подумал, не могли бы мы вернуться к вопросу цены. |
Ошибки новичков
| неверно | верно | правило |
|---|---|---|
| We suggest splitting the work. / We suggest that we split … | suggest + -ing / that | |
| Would it be possible to send / for you to send …? | possible + to | |
| I was wondering if we could… | после was wondering — could | |
| We would like you to… | would like + кого + to |
Сравните с русским: «мы хотели бы» — we'd like to; «а что, если» — what if we…; «не могли бы вы» — could you possibly. Прямое «вы должны» в английских переговорах звучит как ультиматум.
Нюансы
- would you be open to + существительное / -ing: open to a later deadline / to moving it.
- it might be worth + -ing (worth splitting), не инфинитив.
- I'd suggest + -ing или that + подлежащее + глагол: I'd suggest moving / I'd suggest (that) we move.
- Слишком много смягчителей подряд звучит неуверенно: один-два на предложение.
push_pinпредложение как возможность: could we perhaps …?, would you be open to …?, I'd suggest + -ing, it might be worth + -ing, one option would be to …, tentatively; смягчители: slightly, a little, perhaps, might, I'm not sure, with respect; push back
Фразы урока · 7
- Would you be open to a later deadline?Вы были бы готовы рассмотреть более поздний срок?
- It might be worth splitting the project into two phases.Возможно, стоит разбить проект на две фазы.
- Could we perhaps start with a draft?Могли бы мы, возможно, начать с черновика?
- I'd suggest moving the milestone to April.Я бы предложил перенести веху на апрель.
- If it's not too much trouble, could you send the figures?Если это не слишком сложно, не могли бы вы прислать цифры?
- One option would be to reduce the scope; I'd tentatively suggest the 20th.Один из вариантов — сократить объём; я бы предварительно предложил 20-е.
- Could we push the launch back slightly? — With respect, I don't think that's realistic.Могли бы мы немного отодвинуть запуск? — При всём уважении, не думаю, что это реалистично.
lightbulbПредложение как вопрос или возможность: Would you be open to …? It might be worth + -ing. One option would be to … Один-два смягчителя (perhaps, slightly), не больше.
Закрепите урок: упражнения со словами, фразами и грамматикой с проверкой и повторением.