not nearly as … as /ˌnɒt ˈnɪəli əz … əz/далеко не такой, как
nowhere near /ˌnəʊweə ˈnɪə/даже близко не
twice as /ˈtwaɪs əz/вдвое (такой же)
just as /ˈdʒʌst əz/так же
by far /baɪ ˈfɑː/намного (превосходная)
somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/несколько, отчасти
Точное сравнение: far better, slightly cheaper, not nearly as good
Сравнение на B2 имеет меру: насколько лучше или хуже. Перед сравнительной степенью ставят усилители (far, much, a great deal) или ослабители (slightly, marginally, somewhat, a bit); с as … as — not nearly, nowhere near, just as, twice as; с превосходной — by far.
степень
с comparative (-er / more)
с as … as
сильно
far · much · a great deal · a lot · considerably · significantly
nowhere near as … as · not nearly as … as
средне
rather · somewhat · quite a bit
not quite as … as · almost as … as
слабо
slightly · a bit · a little · marginally
nearly as … as · very nearly as … as
равно
no better than · no cheaper than
just as … as · every bit as … as
кратно
—
twice as … as · three times as … as · half as … as
Примеры на одной шкале
оценка
пример
намного лучше
The new provider is far better. It's a great deal more expensive, though.
немного лучше
The second quote was slightly cheaper; the service was marginally faster.
так же
The cheaper one is just as reliable.
далеко не так
The repair wasn't nearly as good as promised. It's nowhere near as fast as the old one.
кратно
It cost twice as much as the quote.
самый
It was by far the worst service I've had.
В претензии — сравнение обещанного и полученного
обещано
сравнение
«three days»
It took nearly five times as long.
«£200»
The final bill was a great deal higher — £340.
«same quality as the original»
The replacement is nowhere near as good as the original.
Мера сравнения: полная таблица
мера
+ сравнительная степень
+ as … as
перевод
намного
far / much / a lot / considerably better
not nearly / nowhere near as good as
намного лучше / и близко не такой хороший
немного
slightly / a bit / a little / marginally cheaper
almost / nearly / not quite as cheap as
чуть дешевле / почти такой же дешёвый
вдвое
twice the price; half the size
twice as expensive as; half as big as
вдвое дороже; вдвое меньше
ровно так же
—
just / exactly as good as
ровно такой же хороший
всё больше
more and more expensive; better and better
—
всё дороже; всё лучше
чем …, тем …
The longer you wait, the worse it gets.
—
Чем дольше ждёшь, тем хуже.
Ошибки новичков
неверно
верно
правило
very better, very more expensive
much better, far more expensive
very не усиливает сравнительную степень
more cheap, more cheaper
cheaper; a lot cheaper
одна степень
two times more expensive
twice as expensive; three times as expensive
twice / three times + as … as
not so good as advertised (в письме допустимо, но реже)
not as good as advertised
в утверждении as … as
The more you wait, the worse.
The longer you wait, the worse it gets.
обе части полные
Нюансы
very не сочетается со сравнительной: very better, very more expensive → much / far better.
by far — только с превосходной: by far the worst; со сравнительной — far worse.
twice as much / many: twice as much money (неисч.), twice as many calls (исч.); twice more expensive — не по-английски.
no better than — «ничуть не лучше» (оценка), not better than — нейтральное «не лучше».
push_pinс comparative: far / much / a great deal (сильно), somewhat (средне), slightly / marginally (слабо), no better than; с as … as: nowhere near / not nearly, just as, twice as; с superlative: by far; very + comparative — ошибка
Фразы урока · 7
The new provider is far better.Новый поставщик намного лучше.
It's a great deal more expensive.Это гораздо дороже.
The second quote was slightly cheaper, and the service was marginally faster.Вторая смета была немного дешевле, а услуга — незначительно быстрее.
The repair wasn't nearly as good as promised.Ремонт был далеко не таким хорошим, как обещали.
It's nowhere near as fast as the old one, and it cost twice as much as the quote.Она даже близко не такая быстрая, как старая, и стоила вдвое больше сметы.
The cheaper one is just as reliable.Тот, что дешевле, так же надёжен.
It was by far the worst service I've had; the bill was somewhat higher than expected.Это была намного худшая услуга из всех; счёт был несколько выше ожидаемого.
lightbulbМера сравнения: far / a great deal (сильно), slightly / marginally (слабо), just as … as (равно), not nearly / nowhere near as … as (далеко не), twice as … as, by far + превосходная.
Закрепите урок: упражнения со словами, фразами и грамматикой с проверкой и повторением.
