Итоговая практика С1

тема → вопрос: the question behind the question, in what sense, it depends what you mean by, narrow down; ответ: broadly (позиция) → основание → a case in point → one qualification → the implication being / which raises the question / to put it another way

подтекст из: the choice of the word, damns with faint praise, tongue-in-cheek, риторический вопрос, what is left unsaid (tellingly, never mentions); обоснование: цитата → прочтение (implied, suggests, appears to; read between the lines) → поддержка (substantiated by; on the face of it … but) → stance: … but not …

позиция → the strongest objection, put at its strongest → I grant that / even though / admittedly → rebut: this overlooks, this does not follow, however high → outweigh, the decisive consideration, on balance → proportionate вывод (supports a trial, not proves)

регистр = appropriate для адресата: другу (сокращения, фразовые, Cheers) → коллеге (heads-up, could you, sorry about that) → организации (I regret to inform you, I'd appreciate it if, Should you have any questions, Kind regards); средства: distance (past, modality), номинализация, инверсия, без jargon; pitch at the reader

развить: build on what X said, pick up on, taking that further → проверить: if I follow you, let me play that back → частичное согласие: I take your point, where I differ → пробный ход: for the sake of argument → к решению: where does that leave us, converging, meet halfway → we're agreed then + put it in writing

in plain terms / the gist / boils down to → the key thing to grasp → think of it as … except that → walk you through → what this means for you → the catch is, unless → does that make sense? (вопрос о содержании) → the one thing to remember